Ring Current

The ring current is a large flow of charged particles, mainly electrons and ions, that circles around Earth near the magnetic equator in the Earth's magnetosphere. It forms because energetic particles become trapped by Earth's magnetic field, creating a ring-shaped current. This current influences Earth's magnetic field, especially during geomagnetic storms, causing temporary disturbances like magnetic fluctuations visible on compasses and affecting satellite operations. Essentially, the ring current acts as a giant, dynamic conveyor of charged particles that plays a crucial role in space weather and Earth's magnetic environment.