Richard II (play)

"Richard II" by William Shakespeare is a historical tragedy that explores themes of kingship, power, and legitimacy. It tells the story of King Richard II of England, whose self-confidence and failure to heed advice lead to political unrest. His reign is challenged by noble factions, culminating in his overthrow by Henry Bolingbroke (later Henry IV). The play examines the fragile nature of kingship, the consequences of hubris, and the personal and political chaos that arises from a ruler’s loss of authority. Ultimately, it reflects on the burdens of leadership and the instability inherent in power struggles.