Rice (Oryza sativa)

Rice, scientifically known as Oryza sativa, is a vital cereal grain cultivated worldwide, especially in Asia. It is a staple food providing a major source of calories and nutrients for billions of people. Rice plants grow in flooded fields called paddies, which help control weeds and pests. The grain develops inside a husk and is typically polished before eating. There are different types, such as long-grain and short-grain, each with unique textures and uses. Beyond food, rice by-products are used in products like paper, alcohol, and animal feed, making it an essential crop for both nutrition and industry.