Ribonuclease H

Ribonuclease H (RNase H) is an enzyme that specifically targets and cleaves the RNA strand of RNA-DNA hybrids—structures where RNA is paired with DNA. It plays a crucial role in maintaining genetic stability by removing RNA remnants during DNA replication and repair processes. RNase H is essential for proper cell function and is also a target in certain antiviral drugs, especially against retroviruses like HIV, where it helps degrade the viral RNA strand within the viral DNA. Overall, RNase H helps ensure the accurate maintenance and processing of genetic material.