resistor-capacitor (RC) circuits

An RC circuit combines a resistor (which limits current flow) and a capacitor (which stores electrical energy) to control how electrical signals behave. When electrical energy is supplied, the capacitor charges through the resistor, gradually increasing voltage across it. Conversely, when discharging, the capacitor releases stored energy, and the voltage decreases at a rate determined by the resistor and capacitor values. RC circuits are fundamental in shaping signals, filtering noise, and timing applications, where precise control of voltage changes over time is essential. They’re common in electronic devices for processing and managing electrical signals efficiently.