Republican China

Republican China refers to the period from 1912 to 1949 when China was governed as a republic after the fall of the Qing Dynasty. It marked China's transition from imperial rule to a modern nation-state, emphasizing democratic principles, nationalism, and modernization efforts. However, this era faced internal struggles like warlord conflicts, political instability, and the fight between communists and nationalists. It also confronted external threats such as Japanese aggression. The period ended with the Chinese Civil War's Communist victory, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, while the Republic of China government retreated to Taiwan.