Republic (Plato)

Plato’s "Republic" is a philosophical dialogue exploring justice, the ideal society, and the nature of the human soul. Through a series of conversations, it argues that a just society is built on rulers (wisdom), guardians (courage), and producers (trade and labor), each fulfilling their proper role. It also introduces the concept of the philosopher-king—wise rulers who understand the true Forms, especially the Form of the Good. Ultimately, it suggests that justice arises when everyone performs their appropriate role, and the well-ordered soul mirrors this harmony within.