reproductive physiology

Reproductive physiology involves the biological processes that enable humans to conceive and bear children. In females, it includes ovulation—the release of an egg from the ovaries—and the menstrual cycle, which prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. In males, it involves the production of sperm in the testes. During intercourse, sperm can meet and fertilize an egg in the fallopian tube. If fertilization occurs, the developing embryo implants in the uterus, leading to pregnancy. These processes are regulated by hormonal signals that coordinate ovulation, sperm production, and other reproductive functions.