renal unit

A renal unit, also called a nefron, is the basic functional part of the kidney that filters blood and produces urine. Each kidney contains around 1 million of these units. They work by removing waste products, excess salts, and extra water from the blood, helping to maintain the body's fluid and electrolyte balance. The renal unit consists of a tiny filtering structure called the glomerulus and a tube called the tubule, where reabsorption and secretion occur. Together, they ensure the kidneys efficiently clean the blood and regulate vital functions essential for health.