Realism (IR theory)

Realism is an international relations theory that views the world as a competitive arena where countries prioritize their own security and power. It assumes nations act in their self-interest, often balancing or competing with others to maintain stability and avoid vulnerability. Realists see international politics as driven by power struggles, limited cooperation, and an inherent potential for conflict. They believe that strong military and strategic positioning are essential for a nation’s survival, and that moral considerations take a backseat to national interests. Overall, realism emphasizes realistic, pragmatic approaches to understanding global affairs.