Rate limiting middleware

Rate limiting middleware is a tool used in web services to control how many requests a user or system can make within a certain period. It helps prevent server overload, abuse, and malicious attacks by restricting excessive access. Think of it like a traffic controller that allows a limited number of cars to pass through at a time to keep the road smooth. When the limit is reached, additional requests are temporarily blocked or slowed down, ensuring fair and stable service for all users while protecting the infrastructure.