randomized block design

A randomized block design is a method used in experiments to reduce the effects of variability among subjects or conditions. The experimenter groups similar units—called blocks—based on a characteristic that might influence the outcome, such as age or location. Within each block, treatments are randomly assigned to individual units to ensure fair comparisons. This approach helps control for confounding factors, leading to more accurate estimates of the treatment effects. Essentially, it balances out differences among groups, making the results more reliable and applicable across diverse conditions.