rail artifacts

Rail artifacts are unwanted lines or streaks that appear in digital images, often caused by imperfections or interference in imaging systems like scanners or cameras. They occur when the device's sensor or imaging process introduces consistent errors along certain lines, resembling "rails" running through the image. These artifacts can result from side effects such as faulty sensor elements, electronic noise, or issues during image acquisition, and they can reduce image quality and clarity. Detecting and correcting rail artifacts is important for ensuring accurate and clean images, especially in technical, medical, or industrial imaging applications.