(Radon) Transform in Physics

The Radon transform is a mathematical technique used in physics and medical imaging to reconstruct a 3D object from multiple 2D measurements. Imagine shining X-rays through an object from various angles; the Radon transform relates these measurements to the object's internal structure. By collecting these projections, advanced algorithms can accurately reconstruct the original shape or density distribution inside the object. This method is fundamental in CT scans, providing detailed internal images without invasive procedures, and is also applied in areas like seismic imaging and astrophysics for analyzing internal properties of complex systems.