Radiofrequency ion source

A radiofrequency (RF) ion source generates ions (charged particles) by using electromagnetic waves at radio frequencies to energize a gas, usually hydrogen or other gases. The RF energy creates a plasma—a highly energized state of matter—where atoms are ionized, meaning electrons are stripped away from their nuclei. These ions can then be extracted and directed for use in applications like particle accelerators or spacecraft propulsion. This method allows for efficient, continuous ion production without electrodes, reducing contamination and enabling stable, high-quality ion streams.