radio wave propagation

Radio wave propagation refers to how radio signals travel through the environment to reach receivers. These waves can move in straight lines (line-of-sight), reflect off surfaces like buildings or the ground, and bend around obstacles (diffraction). Their behavior depends on frequency, distance, and surroundings, influencing signal strength and clarity. For example, higher frequencies tend to have more trouble bending around obstacles, while lower frequencies can travel farther and better penetrate structures. Understanding propagation helps optimize radio communication, ensuring signals reach their destination effectively across various terrains and conditions.