quinine

Quinine is a bitter compound derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, traditionally used to treat malaria, a disease caused by parasites transmitted through mosquito bites. It works by interfering with the parasites' ability to grow and reproduce in the bloodstream. Quinine is also known for its use in tonic water, giving the beverage its distinct flavor. While it has been largely replaced by synthetic antimalarial drugs, quinine remains an important medication in certain situations, particularly for severe cases of malaria, and is known for its potential side effects, such as nausea and ringing in the ears.