Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell

Quantum Field Theory (QFT) is a framework that describes how particles and forces interact at the smallest scales. It treats particles as excitations of underlying fields that permeate space, like ripples on a pond. These fields are fundamental, and particles emerge from their vibrations. QFT combines quantum mechanics, which governs small scales, with special relativity, which deals with high speeds. It successfully explains phenomena such as particle creation and annihilation, and underpins the Standard Model of particle physics. Essentially, QFT provides a unified way to understand the behavior of all known fundamental particles and their forces.