Quantum circuit model

The quantum circuit model is a way to perform computations using quantum bits (qubits), which can exist in multiple states simultaneously due to superposition. These qubits are manipulated through quantum gates, similar to logic gates in classical computers, but designed to operate on quantum states. The process involves preparing qubits, applying a sequence of gates to encode and process information, and then measuring the qubits to extract results. This model leverages quantum phenomena like entanglement and superposition to solve certain problems more efficiently than classical computers. It's foundational for developing quantum algorithms and quantum computing hardware.