Quantization

Quantization is a process used in digital systems to convert continuous, detailed information into a limited set of discrete, measurable steps. Imagine translating a high-resolution image into a smaller palette of colors; the finer details are approximated to fit within the available options. This allows digital devices like smartphones and computers to efficiently store, process, and transmit data but can introduce small errors or "noise." Essentially, quantization simplifies complex data, making it manageable for digital hardware while balancing quality and resource use.