QR Decomposition

QR decomposition is a mathematical process that breaks down a matrix into two parts: one that is orthogonal (meaning its columns are at right angles to each other) called Q, and another that is upper triangular (meaning zeros below the main diagonal) called R. This helps with solving systems of equations, finding inverses, and more. Think of it as reorganizing complex data into a neat, structured form that makes calculations easier and more stable. Essentially, it simplifies working with large or complicated matrices by providing a clean, organized structure.