QCD Lagrangian

The Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) Lagrangian is a mathematical framework describing how quarks and gluons interact within atomic nuclei. Quarks are fundamental particles that make up protons and neutrons, while gluons are force carriers that bind quarks together through the strong force. The Lagrangian captures the behavior and interactions of these particles, including their energies, how they move, and how they influence each other. It also accounts for properties like color charge, which is analogous to electric charge but for the strong force, ensuring the theory accurately explains phenomena like confinement and mass generation in visible matter.