QCD Factorization Theorem

The QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics) Factorization Theorem states that in high-energy particle collisions, complex interactions can be separated into universal parts (like the structure of protons) and process-specific parts (like the production outcome). This allows physicists to predict outcomes accurately by combining known proton properties with the calculations for the particular reaction, without having to understand every detailed interaction at the quark and gluon level. Essentially, it simplifies the calculation of particle collision results by breaking them into manageable, independently understood components.