PVT (Pressure-Volume-Temperature) relations

PVT (Pressure-Volume-Temperature) relations describe how the properties of a substance change under different conditions. Essentially, they show how pressure (force per area), volume (space occupied), and temperature (heat level) influence each other. For example, increasing pressure on a gas usually decreases its volume, while raising temperature can increase volume if pressure is constant. These relationships are fundamental in understanding and predicting the behavior of fluids and gases in various engineering and scientific applications, such as designing engines, pipelines, and chemical processes.