pulsed laser deposition

Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a technique used to create thin films of material on a surface. A high-energy laser pulse is directed at a target material, causing it to vaporize into a plasma. This plasma then travels and deposits onto a substrate, forming a uniform thin layer. The process allows precise control over the film's composition and thickness, making it useful for creating advanced materials in electronics, optics, and other fields. It’s like using a laser to "spray" a material onto a surface with high precision and control.