Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a technique used to control the amount of power delivered to an electronic device by switching it on and off rapidly. By varying the ratio of "on" time to "off" time within each cycle—called the duty cycle—it can adjust the average power output without changing the voltage. For example, a higher duty cycle means the device is on longer, providing more power, while a lower duty cycle reduces power. PWM is commonly used for dimming lights, controlling motor speeds, and managing power efficiently in electronic systems.