Pulse-width modulation

Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is a technique used to control the amount of power delivered to a device by switching the power on and off rapidly. The key factor is the "duty cycle," or the proportion of time the signal stays on within each cycle. For example, a higher duty cycle means the device is on longer, delivering more power, while a lower duty cycle means it’s on less often, providing less power. PWM is commonly used in applications like motor speed control, LED brightness adjustment, and audio signal modulation, offering efficient and precise energy management.