Proton number

The proton number, also called the atomic number, is the count of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It defines the element; for example, all atoms with 1 proton are hydrogen, and all with 6 protons are carbon. This number determines the atom's identity and many of its properties. The proton number is unique to each element and remains constant regardless of the atom's size or state. It helps scientists classify and understand elements, and it also influences the atom's behavior in chemical reactions.