Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC)

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are devices that produce electricity by combining hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen gas is split into protons and electrons; protons pass through a special membrane, while electrons generate an electric current. The electrons flow through an external circuit to power devices, then recombine with protons and oxygen (from air) to form water as the only byproduct. PEMFCs are efficient, clean, and suitable for vehicles and portable power because they operate at relatively low temperatures and provide quick startup times.