Protein-ligand complex

A protein-ligand complex forms when a molecule called a ligand (which can be a drug, hormone, or small molecule) binds to a specific site on a protein. This interaction is crucial for many biological processes, such as signaling or enzyme activity. The ligand fits into the protein much like a key fits into a lock, with interactions at the molecular level ensuring a snug and specific attachment. Studying these complexes helps scientists understand how proteins function and develop new medicines by targeting these binding sites effectively.