Protein-energy Malnutrition

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a condition that occurs when a person's diet does not provide enough protein and calories for their body's needs. It often affects vulnerable groups, especially children and the elderly, leading to weight loss, stunted growth, weakened immune function, and other health issues. PEM can result from inadequate food intake, illness, or an inability to absorb nutrients. It is classified mainly into two types: kwashiorkor, which is characterized by protein deficiency, and marasmus, which involves severe calorie deficiency. Addressing PEM requires improved nutrition and healthcare support to restore health and vitality.