proposed by Roger Penrose

Roger Penrose proposed that consciousness arises from quantum processes occurring within the brain’s neurons, specifically involving tiny structures called microtubules. He suggests these quantum effects could enable a form of non-computational, self-aware processing, potentially explaining aspects of consciousness that traditional physics and computation cannot fully capture. His idea challenges the view that brain activity is purely classical and deterministic, implying that the brain might harness quantum phenomena for the emergence of subjective experience. This theory bridges physics and neuroscience, proposing that the fundamental workings of the universe may be intimately linked to the nature of conscious awareness.