Prophase

Prophase is the first stage of cell division where the cell prepares to split into two. During this phase, the chromosomes, which carry genetic information, become visible under a microscope as they condense and thicken. The nuclear envelope, the protective membrane around the nucleus, starts to break down. Additionally, small structures called spindle fibers begin to form and extend from the cell’s poles, setting the stage for the chromosomes to be pulled apart later. This process ensures that genetic material is accurately divided between the two new cells.