process calculi

Process calculi are formal frameworks used to describe and analyze how complex systems, especially those involving multiple interacting components or processes, behave and communicate. They provide mathematical tools to model interactions like message passing, synchronization, and concurrency, enabling precise reasoning about system properties such as correctness, safety, and performance. Think of them as languages for specifying and studying the dynamic behavior of distributed systems, networks, or software processes in a clear, structured way. This helps designers verify that systems work as intended before they are built or deployed.