Probability density function (PDF)

A probability density function (PDF) describes how likely different outcomes are for a continuous random variable. Instead of assigning a specific probability to each value (which is nearly zero for continuous data), the PDF indicates the relative likelihood that the variable falls within a particular range. The area under the curve of the PDF over an interval corresponds to the probability that the outcome is within that range. In essence, the PDF helps us understand the distribution's shape and where outcomes are most likely to occur, providing a complete picture of the possible values and their likelihoods.