Probabilistic Algorithms

Probabilistic algorithms are methods that use randomness and chance to solve problems more efficiently than traditional deterministic algorithms, which follow a specific set of steps. Instead of guaranteed outcomes, they provide answers that are likely to be correct, often with a known level of confidence. For example, when searching for a solution in a large dataset, a probabilistic algorithm might quickly identify a good enough answer instead of exhaustively checking every possibility. These algorithms are widely used in fields like cryptography, machine learning, and optimization, where speed and efficiency are crucial.