Principality of Salerno

The Principality of Salerno was a medieval state in southern Italy, existing from the 7th to the 12th century. It originated as a Lombard duchy and later became a principality under the control of the Normans, serving as an important political and cultural center. Known for its strategic location, it played a key role in Mediterranean trade and politics, blending Latin, Lombard, and Norman influences. The principality was notable for its educational institutions, like the renowned Schola Medica Salernitana, the first medieval medical school. It ultimately declined as larger powers like the Kingdom of Sicily absorbed its territory.