Pozzolanic materials

Pozzolanic materials are natural or artificial substances rich in silica and/or alumina that, when combined with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water, react to form compounds that enhance concrete's strength and durability. They act as supplementary cementitious materials, improving properties such as resistance to cracking, reducing permeability, and increasing lifespan. Common examples include volcanic ash, fly ash from power plants, and silica fume. Using pozzolanic materials helps make concrete more environmentally friendly by reducing the need for Portland cement and enhances the overall performance of concrete structures.