Power law distributions

Power law distributions describe a situation where a small number of items or events are very common, while many others are rare. For example, in city populations, a few cities have millions of residents, but most have far fewer. Mathematically, the frequency of an event decreases rapidly as the size increases, following a specific pattern called a power law. These distributions appear in many fields, such as economics, internet traffic, and natural phenomena, highlighting how some things dominate while many others are less frequent, often leading to important insights about how complex systems behave.