post-void residual

Post-void residual (PVR) refers to the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after a person has urinated. It helps evaluate how effectively the bladder empties. A small residual amount is normal, but a large residual can indicate issues such as urinary retention or weak bladder muscles. Measuring PVR can be done with ultrasound or a special catheter. Knowing the residual volume helps healthcare providers diagnose conditions affecting urination and determine appropriate treatment options to improve bladder emptying and prevent complications.