post hoc tests

Post hoc tests are follow-up analyses conducted after an initial experiment shows differences among groups. When researchers compare multiple groups, they use these tests to identify exactly which groups differ from each other, beyond initial overall findings. They help control for the increased chance of errors that come with making many comparisons. Essentially, post hoc tests provide a careful way to pinpoint specific differences, ensuring the results are reliable and meaningful without mistakenly claiming differences that aren’t truly there.