porphyrin

Porphyrins are a group of organic compounds characterized by a ring-shaped structure made of interconnected atoms, primarily carbon and nitrogen. These molecules play a vital role in biological systems; for example, the heme group in hemoglobin contains a porphyrin ring that binds iron, enabling red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body. Porphyrins also occur in other enzymes and pigments, assisting in processes like photosynthesis. Their unique structure allows them to interact with metals and light, making them essential in biology and useful in medical and technological applications.