polar ice caps

Polar ice caps are large expanses of thick ice that cover parts of the Earth's polar regions—namely, the Arctic in the north and Antarctica in the south. They are made of frozen freshwater and play a crucial role in regulating the planet’s climate by reflecting sunlight and helping to control global temperatures. During warmer periods, some ice melts into the ocean, contributing to rising sea levels. Conversely, colder periods see the ice grow. These ice caps are sensitive indicators of climate change, and their melting has significant environmental impacts worldwide.