PLL theory

PLL, or Phase-Locked Loop, is a control system that synchronizes a local oscillator with an incoming signal’s phase and frequency. It compares the phase of the two signals, detects any difference, and adjusts the oscillator accordingly to keep them aligned. This process allows consistent tracking of the signal’s timing and frequency, which is crucial in communications, radio, and digital systems for accurate data reception and transmission. Essentially, a PLL maintains the stability of a signal's timing by dynamically correcting the oscillator based on the received signal’s phase.