Plant neurobiology

Plant neurobiology is the scientific study of how plants perceive, process, and respond to their environment. Although plants lack brains and nerves like animals, they have complex signaling systems—such as chemical signals, electrical impulses, and hormonal responses—that enable them to detect stimuli like light, gravity, and touch. These mechanisms coordinate growth, defense, and communication within and between plants. The field challenges traditional views by exploring plant “intelligence” and learning, emphasizing that plants are dynamic, responsive organisms capable of sophisticated environmental interactions without a nervous system.