Planning and engineering

Planning is the process of defining goals and determining the best course of action to achieve them, often involving research, analysis, and decision-making. Engineering involves applying scientific and technical knowledge to design, develop, and improve systems, structures, or processes. Together, they ensure that projects are thoughtfully conceptualized and practically executable. Planning sets the strategic framework, while engineering provides the technical solutions to turn those plans into reality efficiently and safely. This collaboration ensures that projects meet their objectives within constraints like time, cost, and safety standards.