Planktonic ecosystems

Planktonic ecosystems consist of tiny plants and animals called plankton that drift in water bodies like oceans, lakes, and rivers. These organisms form the foundation of aquatic food webs, with phytoplankton (plant-like) producing oxygen and food through photosynthesis, and zooplankton (animal-like) feeding on phytoplankton. Together, they support larger marine life such as fish, whales, and seabirds. These ecosystems are vital for global climate regulation, carbon cycling, and maintaining biodiversity. Because they are sensitive to changes in temperature, nutrient levels, and pollution, planktonic ecosystems serve as important indicators of overall ocean health.