Plane wave

A plane wave is a concept used in physics to describe a type of wave where the oscillations, like light or sound, move in a straight, uniform direction through space. Imagine ripples on a calm lake surface moving outward in perfectly parallel lines—those lines represent the wave fronts of a plane wave. This idealized wave has consistent amplitude, frequency, and wavelength across any plane perpendicular to its direction of travel, making it a useful model for understanding how waves propagate in open, unobstructed environments.