Physics of the Earth

The Earth’s physics involves how its materials and forces interact to shape the planet. Earth has a layered structure: a solid crust, a viscous mantle, a liquid outer core, and a solid inner core. Gravity pulls everything toward the center, maintaining the planet’s shape. Heat from inside causes convection currents in the mantle, driving plate tectonics — the movement of continents and ocean floors. The Earth's rotation generates magnetic fields, protecting us from solar radiation. These physical processes explain phenomena like earthquakes, volcanoes, and the Earth’s magnetic field, illustrating the dynamic, evolving nature of our planet.