Physics of Radiation Detection

Radiation detection involves measuring particles or energy emitted by radioactive sources. Detectors work by interacting with radiation—such as alpha, beta, gamma rays, or neutrons—causing measurable changes like electrical signals or light emissions. Different detectors are designed to sense specific types of radiation, relying on materials that respond predictably when hit. These responses are then analyzed to determine the presence, type, and amount of radiation. Essentially, radiation detection translates invisible particles or energy into signals that we can measure and interpret, enabling applications in medical imaging, environmental monitoring, and nuclear safety.